1.背景
现在好多客户端程序都内嵌浏览器，有的用于实现界面，有的用于实现一些特殊功能，比如网易云音乐，QQ客户端，微信桌面客户端等。如果要内嵌浏览器，传统的方法是加入自带的IE webbrowser activex控件，但是IE对html5标准的支持不是很好，无法完成一些最新的功能。此时webkit就是最好的选择，可是webkit是一个很复杂的工程，编译也非常麻烦。好在有人替我们完成这个工作。有个叫libcef的库，实现了对webkit的封装，我们只需要直接调用就可以了，从而往我们的程序嵌入webkit浏览器，实现我们需要的功能。上面说到的那三个软件都用到了libcef这个库，在这些程序的安装目录下我们可以看到libcef.dll，libEGL.dll等dll文件。
2.生成VS工程文件
从https://cefbuilds.com/下载预编译好的二进制包，我下载的是cef_binary_3.2526.1346.g1f86d24_windows32.7z，2526分支的32位版本。然后解压到本地，比如我的是D:\SDK\cef。虽然需要的dll以及两个lib文件已经帮我们编译好了，但此时libcef还不能直接使用，因为我们还需要libcef_dll_wrapper.lib这个文件，而这个需要我们自己编译，如果没有这个的话，我们运行里面的cefsimple:
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// Copyright (c) 2013 The Chromium Embedded Framework Authors. All rights // reserved. Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that // can be found in the LICENSE file. #include <windows.h> #include "cefsimple/simple_app.h" #include "include/cef_sandbox_win.h" // When generating projects with CMake the CEF_USE_SANDBOX value will be defined // automatically if using the required compiler version. Pass -DUSE_SANDBOX=OFF // to the CMake command-line to disable use of the sandbox. // Uncomment this line to manually enable sandbox support. // #define CEF_USE_SANDBOX 1 #if defined(CEF_USE_SANDBOX) // The cef_sandbox.lib static library is currently built with VS2013. It may not // link successfully with other VS versions. #pragma comment(lib, "cef_sandbox.lib") #endif // Entry point function for all processes. int APIENTRY wWinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, LPTSTR lpCmdLine, int nCmdShow) { UNREFERENCED_PARAMETER(hPrevInstance); UNREFERENCED_PARAMETER(lpCmdLine); // Enable High-DPI support on Windows 7 or newer. CefEnableHighDPISupport(); void* sandbox_info = NULL; #if defined(CEF_USE_SANDBOX) // Manage the life span of the sandbox information object. This is necessary // for sandbox support on Windows. See cef_sandbox_win.h for complete details. CefScopedSandboxInfo scoped_sandbox; sandbox_info = scoped_sandbox.sandbox_info(); #endif // Provide CEF with command-line arguments. CefMainArgs main_args(hInstance); // SimpleApp implements application-level callbacks. It will create the first // browser instance in OnContextInitialized() after CEF has initialized. CefRefPtr<SimpleApp> app(new SimpleApp); // CEF applications have multiple sub-processes (render, plugin, GPU, etc) // that share the same executable. This function checks the command-line and, // if this is a sub-process, executes the appropriate logic. int exit_code = CefExecuteProcess(main_args, app.get(), sandbox_info); if (exit_code >= 0) { // The sub-process has completed so return here. return exit_code; } // Specify CEF global settings here. CefSettings settings; #if !defined(CEF_USE_SANDBOX) settings.no_sandbox = true; #endif // Initialize CEF. CefInitialize(main_args, settings, app.get(), sandbox_info); // Run the CEF message loop. This will block until CefQuitMessageLoop() is // called. CefRunMessageLoop(); // Shut down CEF. CefShutdown(); return 0; } |
会报如下错误：
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Severity Code Description Project File Line Error LNK2019 unresolved external symbol "int __cdecl CefExecuteProcess(class CefMainArgs const &,class CefRefPtr<class CefApp>,void *)" (?CefExecuteProcess@@YAHABVCefMainArgs@@V?$CefRefPtr@VCefApp@@@@PAX@Z) referenced in function _wWinMain@16 cefsample D:\vs2015\cefsample\cefsample\Source.obj 1 Error LNK2019 unresolved external symbol "bool __cdecl CefInitialize(class CefMainArgs const &,class CefStructBase<struct CefSettingsTraits> const &,class CefRefPtr<class CefApp>,void *)" (?CefInitialize@@YA_NABVCefMainArgs@@ABV?$CefStructBase@UCefSettingsTraits@@@@V?$CefRefPtr@VCefApp@@@@PAX@Z) referenced in function _wWinMain@16 cefsample D:\vs2015\cefsample\cefsample\Source.obj 1 Error LNK2019 unresolved external symbol "void __cdecl CefShutdown(void)" (?CefShutdown@@YAXXZ) referenced in function _wWinMain@16 cefsample D:\vs2015\cefsample\cefsample\Source.obj 1 Error LNK2019 unresolved external symbol "void __cdecl CefRunMessageLoop(void)" (?CefRunMessageLoop@@YAXXZ) referenced in function _wWinMain@16 cefsample D:\vs2015\cefsample\cefsample\Source.obj 1 Error LNK2019 unresolved external symbol "void __cdecl CefEnableHighDPISupport(void)" (?CefEnableHighDPISupport@@YAXXZ) referenced in function _wWinMain@16 cefsample D:\vs2015\cefsample\cefsample\Source.obj 1 Error LNK2019 unresolved external symbol "public: __thiscall SimpleApp::SimpleApp(void)" (??0SimpleApp@@QAE@XZ) referenced in function _wWinMain@16 cefsample D:\vs2015\cefsample\cefsample\Source.obj 1 Error LNK1120 6 unresolved externals cefsample D:\vs2015\cefsample\Debug\cefsample.exe 1 |
都是些 referenced in function _wWinMain@16的错误。
要编译libcef_dll_wrapper.lib文件，需要我们去生成VS工程文件，然后用VS打开编译。此时我们需要用到cmake软件。如下图所示打开cmake软件，设置代码目录以及工程文件生成目录：
接着点击Configure，选择编译器，我用的是默认VS2015自带的：
然后点击Generate即在cef目录下生成VS工程文件：
如下图，目录下已经生成了cef.sln解决方案文件，此时我们打开cef.sln文件
可以看到该解决方案下有5个工程：
编译libcef_dll_wrapper工程即可得到libcef_dll_wrapper.lib文件，然后我们编译运行示例工程cefclient，即可看到一个简单的浏览器，很简单吧。
Comments
觉得libcef前景怎么样，和electron有对比性吗？
@骑驴 electron不了解
@Jianchihu 这几天稍微了解了一下，libcef不太稳定。electron易用性较高。
@骑驴 libcef这么多大公司都在用，不可能不稳定吧。
他山界面开发框架是一套基于Gecko的开源收费跨平台界面解决方案。可使用xul, html(5), css(3), js 开发界面，支持js, c++互调，发行包大小13MB 。
哪里鸟了？不比cef强？
@他山 是真的鸟
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